Numerical control technology refers to the technology of using numerical instructions composed of numbers, text, and symbols to control the movement of one or more mechanical equipment. Numerical control is generally achieved through the use of general-purpose or specialized computers for digital program control, hence CNC, also known as Computerized Numerical Control (CNC), is commonly referred to as CNC in foreign countries, and the concept of NC is rarely used again. It usually controls mechanical quantities such as position, angle, speed, and switch quantities related to the flow of mechanical energy. The emergence of CNC relies on the emergence of data carriers and binary data operations. In 1908, perforated metal sheet interchangeable data carriers were introduced; At the end of the 19th century, control systems with auxiliary functions were invented using paper as a data carrier; In 1938, Shannon conducted rapid data computation and transmission at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States, laying the foundation for modern computers, including computer digital control systems. Numerical control technology has been developed in close combination with machine tool control. In 1952, the emergence of CNC machine tools became a landmark event in the history of the world's mechanical industry, promoting the development of automation.
CNC technology, also known as Computerized Numerical Control (CNC), is a technology that uses computers to achieve digital program control. This technology uses computers to perform logical control functions on the movement trajectory of devices and the operation timing of peripherals based on pre stored control programs. Due to the use of computers to replace the CNC devices originally composed of hardware logic circuits, various control functions such as storage, processing, calculation, and logic judgment of input operation instructions can be achieved through computer software. The generated micro instructions are transmitted to the servo drive device to drive the motor or hydraulic execution component to drive the equipment to run.
Traditional mechanical processing is done by manually operating ordinary machine tools. During processing, the mechanical tools are shaken by hand to cut metal, and the accuracy of the product is measured using tools such as calipers with the eyes. Modern industry has long used computer digitally controlled machine tools for operations, and CNC machine tools can automatically process any product and component according to pre programmed programs by technicians. This is what we call CNC machining. CNC machining is widely used in any field of mechanical processing, and it is also a development trend and an important and necessary technical means for mold processing.
numerical control machine
CNC lathe, also known as CNC lathe, is a type of CNC machine tool that is widely used and covers a wide range in China, accounting for approximately 25% of the total number of CNC machines. CNC machine tools are electromechanical integrated products that integrate multiple technologies such as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, microelectronics, and information technology. It is a machine tool in mechanical manufacturing equipment that has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, high automation, and high flexibility. The technical level of CNC machine tools and their percentage in the production and total ownership of metal cutting machine tools are important indicators to measure a country's national economic development and overall level of industrial manufacturing. CNC lathe is one of the main varieties of CNC machine tools, occupying a very important position in CNC machine tools. For decades, it has been widely valued and rapidly developed by countries around the world.
Since the emergence of CNC lathes in the 1950s, the use of CNC lathes to process complex shaped parts in single piece and small batch production has not only improved labor productivity and processing quality, but also shortened production preparation cycles and reduced the requirements for workers' technical proficiency. Therefore, it has become an important development direction to realize technological innovation and technological revolution in single piece and small batch production. Countries around the world are also vigorously developing this new technology.
We know that for parts produced in large quantities, using automated and semi-automatic lathes can already achieve automation of the production process. However, achieving automation has always been a challenge for single piece, small batch production parts. For a considerable period of time in the past, it has always been difficult to achieve a satisfactory solution. Especially in processing parts with complex shapes and high precision requirements, they have been at a standstill on the road of automation. Although some applications of profiling devices have partially solved this problem, practice has shown that profiling lathes still cannot completely solve this problem.
The emergence of CNC lathes (machine tools) has opened up a broad path to fundamentally solve this problem, making them an important development direction in mechanical processing.
